Article cover image
Worriors Join their Majesties in Song as they dance to sacred Incwala Songs.

The Incwala Ceremoney in Eswatini

Manzini-Eswatini
Nokuphila

Tour Guide, Mbabane, Eswatini

| 3 mins read

This is an annual ceremony which can only be led by his Majesty King Mswati III. It occurs yearly and is a National Prayer or simply put as the celebration of the first fruits. 


The Incwala Ceremony is one of Eswatini's most significant traditional and cultural events. Often referred to as the "Festival of the First Fruits," it is a sacred ritual that celebrates the monarchy, harvest, and unity of the Swazi people. The ceremony is deeply rooted in the country’s customs and spiritual practices, symbolizing renewal, gratitude, and the strength of the nation.


Key Aspects of the Incwala Ceremony


Purpose:

  • To honor the King as the spiritual and political leader of the Swazi nation.

  • To bless the harvest and pray for prosperity and unity in the coming year.

  • To connect the people with their ancestors and reaffirm traditional Swazi beliefs.


When and Where:

  • Timing: The ceremony occurs annually, typically around December or January, depending on the lunar calendar. It begins during the summer solstice, a time considered sacred in Swazi cosmology.

  • Location: Held at the Ludzidzini Royal Residence, the traditional capital of Eswatini, near Lobamba.


The Ceremony’s Phases:

The Incwala is a multi-day event, spanning about 2–3 weeks. It includes several stages:

1. Little Incwala (Preparation Phase)

Young men (known as Bemanti) travel to gather water from various rivers and the ocean.

This symbolizes the cleansing and spiritual preparation for the ceremony.

2. Cutting of the Sacred Tree

Men from across the nation cut and bring back the lusekwane, a sacred tree (Sida spinosa).

This tree is central to the rituals and is used to construct the sacred enclosure (inhlambelo).

3. Main Incwala (Culmination of the Ceremony)

The King plays a central role, dressed in traditional attire, and performs rituals, including the tasting of the first fruits.

The nation’s people participate in traditional dances, singing, and drumming.

The King’s consumption of the first fruits symbolizes the blessing of the harvest and grants permission for the rest of the nation to eat their crops.


Cultural Significance:

  • Monarchical Reverence: The ceremony reaffirms the King’s central role in uniting and leading the Swazi people.

  • Spiritual Renewal: The rituals are believed to cleanse and prepare the nation for a prosperous year.

  • Community Unity: It brings together Swazi people from all regions, fostering a sense of shared identity.


Participation:

  • Participation is mostly reserved for Swazi people, particularly those of high rank or specific roles within the society.

  • Foreigners may observe parts of the ceremony but must adhere to strict cultural protocols and show respect for its sacred nature.


Tips for Visitors:

  • Respect: Dress modestly and follow local customs.

  • Photography: It is often restricted during the ceremony, especially during sacred rituals.

  • Timing: Confirm the exact dates with local tourism offices, as the ceremony follows the lunar calendar.

  • The Incwala Ceremony is a profound expression of Eswatini's cultural heritage, encapsulating the nation’s deep respect for its traditions, monarchy, and spiritual beliefs.

BOOK with us today to explore the Swazi Culture this December.