The ancient Egyptian history starts in the year 3200 B.C. The first king who ruled Egypt in 3200 B.C. was called Narmer or Mina. During this period, King Mina unified the two lands of Egypt, as Egypt was divided into Upper and Lower Egypt. Does this mean that prior to 3200 B.C., there were no Egyptians in Egypt? Was there no civilization in Egypt? Surely, there was civilization and there were Egyptians in Egypt. In fact, there was no writing. The scripture began in 3200 B.C. as well. That's why this is another reason we consider 3200 B.C. as the beginning. Another reason Egyptian history is considered to have started in 3200 B.C. is the foundation of the unified capital. For these three reasons, we consider that Egyptian history started on that date. Surely there were people and there was a civilization, but there was no writing.
These are the most important achievements of King Mina. As you know, ancient Egyptian history is too long to be explained in a lecture. So I am going to choose for you the most important kings in the most significant dynasties. King Khaa Sekhemwy is considered to be the most important king of the Second Dynasty.
The most important thing is that this king began to pay attention to the two main powers in Egypt, which are Horus and Seth. He started to construct temples for them.
The king had an amazing statue that was once on display here, but it no longer exists. The head was broken, but it was really fantastic.
The most important king of the Third Dynasty is known as Djoser. He ruled Egypt approximately in 2816 B.C. He constructed the Step Pyramid in Saqqara. Saqqara is the necropolis of the ancient Egyptians. Saqqara is an open book of Egyptian history. It contains monuments from different dynasties and extends throughout the entire Egyptian history. The Step Pyramid constructed by King Djoser has six steps, each 10.5 meters high. The whole pyramid was 63 meters high. In the Fourth Dynasty, the Great Pyramids of Giza were constructed, including the pyramids of Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure.